With twice the voltage across a fixed resistance, you'd have twice the current. Not half the current. And if the starter locks up, that's exactly what you'll get.
Starters, like all DC motors, produce a back-EMF proportional to the speed of the starter. As the starter turns faster, less current flows through the windings than when it is stalled or first starting.
So hooking 12 volts to a 6 volt starter results in double the initial starting current. As the motor spins up, the current through the motor drops. The final current depends on the final RPM of the starter, which depends on the load the engine places on it.
The starter will spin faster with 12 volts than with 6 volts. If it spins twice as fast, current will be approximately THE SAME at 12 volts as it was at 6 volts (because the starter is producing roughly twice as much power). If it spins maybe 50 percent faster (typical), the current will be more than half, but less than the same as it was at 6 volts.
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Today's Featured Article - Chores - by Frank Young. The ceaseless passing of time! It is at once our friend and our enemy. It measures our progress and it makes us old. Like most features of our life, few things are all good or all bad, and most such judgments depend on our own perspective or viewpoint. In our particular hobby, we enjoy the nostalgic return to the days of our youth as we recreate many of the scenes that took place on the family farm that served as the stage for the first few acts of the play that is our live
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