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How to time a diesel (Grey Fergie)-Purists do not read
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Posted by Michael on March 03, 1999 at 14:46:10:
For those of you who read Grey Fergie diesel timing - Michael 01:51:43 2/28/99 and responded, thank you. I have managed to get her going well again and I will explain how. I hope it can help someone. Note: This was done on a TEF 20 but it should be similar on most diesels. If you are a pureist then stop reading now!!! I am not a mechanic, but this process worked for me and may be of help to someone else. Use caution with this process and if you dont understand the ask someone who does!! It is possible to cause lots of damage!! If anyone has any comments or can offer a better solution please feel free to email me at mkys@netspace.net.au. The process below was followed as no timing marks were visible. All engine rotation should be done in direction of normall rotation.
Step 1-Remove rocker cover to expose valves and rockers. Step 2-Find TDC. The way I did this was to rotate the engine by hand (it is easier if you first engage the decompression cam) while using a screw driver to depress the intake valve of no. 1 cylinder (I used it like a lever under the decompression shaft). The theory is that as the piston comes up it will "crash" into the valve and you will be able to feel/see this. If you have a dial gauge and stand this can be used on top of the valve to be more accurate. Mark the pulley/and timing case in a easily visible location. Step 3-Find the point where the injector pump begins to inject (on NO. 1 Cylinder) this can be done by removing the connection from the top of the injection pump and spring and valve from the outlet. Remember to work clean in this area!!! The next step is to rotate the engine by hand and watch for the flow of diesel from the outlet of the pump (for no. 1). If the injection pump is an inline type and in good condition, and you have a hand primer (which you will need to keep priming), rotate engine till you have a slow fuel flow, (this indicates piston in injector pump is at bottom and fuel is entering through port and this is the flow that you are seeing) continue engine rotation till fuel flow stops. This is the point where the injection will begin. If your pump is in not so good condition or you do not have a hand primer (as was my case) rotate the engine till a gush of fuel is seen, the idea is to find where this gush starts. A bit of patience and a few ratitions are required here. Once you have found this point remove the inspection plate (if available, if not timing cover) of the injection pump. Mark the position of the pump and a reference. Step 4-Rotate engine watching the valves for no. cylinder. Stop rotation when the exhaust valve is closing and the intake starts opening. You may find these overlap slightly, in which case look for the point where they are equally slightly open! once again if you have a couple of dial gauges, use them! Leave cam where it is, mark if desired. Step 5-The next step is to align everything as follows. If you know the specs for your engine then use them. I did not and followed a generic procedure. The point where the cam is should occur slightly after TDC (5 degrees). The point where the injector pump starts injecting varies greatly, I set mine for approx 35 degrees before TDC on the compression stroke. (The compression stroke begins approx 180 degrees after the point you found on the cam before). I was lucky as I managed to back the tensioner bolt off (located under the alternator on the fergie) and rotate the engine and get the chain to skip. It may be neccessary to remove timing chain cover to do the alignment. Step 6-Take a break, have a coffee then come back and check your work. It is a good idea to rotate the engine a few times by hand to ensure no valves hit pistons etc. Step 7-If requied replace rocker cover/inspection plates/timing covers, restore connection to injector pump. Time for the moment of truth now. Try and start her! Be careful of moving parts if you have left covers off! Step 8-Take her for a run and see how she goes. If she seems lacking then try changing timing a tooth at a time. (If pinging is noticed, delay the point at which injection starts.)
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