The DEF is injected into the exhaust system and reacts with the NOX to break it into nitrogen gas and water vapor. It works entirely "downstream" of the engine.
All Tier IV engines have NOX sensors in the exhaust system to make sure the system is working per the EPA regulations. If a person tried to use just water or even diluted DEF in place of the full strength DEF the sensors would detect the increased NOX and would derate the engine. In addition, the use of a DEF quality sensor in the tank is also being pushed by the EPA which would trip the derate system even before the exhaust stream sensors detected anything.
I've also heard of guys mistakenly putting diesel into the DEF tank. This is very bad because it will quickly damage some very expensive components in the exhaust system.
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Today's Featured Article - Field Modifications (Sins of the Farmer) - by Staff. Picture a new Chevrolet driving down the street without it's grill, right fender and trunk lid. Imagine a crude hole made in the hood to accommodate a new taller air cleaner, the fender wells cut away to make way for larger tires, and half of a sliding glass door used to replace the windshield. Top that off with an old set of '36 Ford headlight shells bolted to the hood. Pretty unlikely for a car... but for a tractor, this is pretty normal. It seems that more often than not they a
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