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Tractor Talk Discussion Forum

wood strength of oak or fir

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Josh

01-15-2004 09:47:17




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I have an old hay wagon that i am rebuilding. The cross peices were originally 2x4 oak. I put new(er) tires on it and they are a little too tall for 2x4. I am going to use 2x6. Should i still use oak or would fir be strong enough becuase they are larger now? It is a flat wagon, and will be used to carry around 100 bales of a hay at a time. Thanks!




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Navy Chief

01-16-2004 06:24:12




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
Josh;
an extremely strong wood with great rot resistance is ASH. Used often to build Ches Bay Dead Rises (work boats) and it will last forever. I rebuilt a grain barge with it and it still looks new
R/
Eric



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MarkB

01-15-2004 15:15:29




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
Douglas fir has incredible strength for its weight, although it's not nearly as strong as oak. (Actually, much of the "fir" is actually hemlock, but hemlock is pretty tough too.) I'd be more concerned about rot resistance. Most of the oak in lumberyards is red oak, which has lousy rot resistance. White oak isn't much better.

I don't think you can go wrong with pressure treated southern yellow pine. Fir will be fine too. Don't waste your money on oak unless you're sure it's white oak.

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VaTom

01-15-2004 15:44:13




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 Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to MarkB, 01-15-2004 15:15:29  
"Most of the oak in lumberyards is red oak, which has lousy rot resistance. White oak isn't much better."

Very wrong, assuming we're talking heartwood not sapwood. The tyloses in white oak (absent in red oaks) make it very rot resistant, similar to black locust and walnut. According to USDA Wood Handbook, "An important use of white oak is for planking and bent parts of ships and boats, heartwood often being specified because of its decay resistance." Which is exactly my experience.

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MarkB

01-15-2004 16:44:15




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 Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to VaTom, 01-15-2004 15:44:13  
Tom,

Thanks for the correction. My main point is that unless you're certain you're getting white oak, it's best to stay away from oak for anything that needs rot resistance. Note that white oak is used in boatbuilding primarily for its strength, not its rot resistance.



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VaTom

01-15-2004 17:49:42




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to MarkB, 01-15-2004 16:44:15  
If white oak was rot-prone with a short life span, it wouldn't be used.

Another small problem with pressure treated wood. Are you thinking CCA, which is no longer being made? Or ACQ, which apparently eats most fasteners in a matter of months.

That and the problem with disposal of any pressure treated wood, makes my decision to use naturally rot resistant wood easy. No problems with my useage for the last 25 yrs. Ma Nature got it right.

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paul

01-15-2004 16:56:42




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to MarkB, 01-15-2004 16:44:15  
I always figured that dad had the most valuable hayrack around - the back 1/3 of the flooring is home sawn black walnut, a real 1" thick.

Now, if this guy is trying to replace the stringers, I'm guessing from the description, on his hayrack, 3 2x6 treated pines screwed together on each side should do him just fine.

--->Paul



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rustyfarmall

01-15-2004 14:19:37




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
I will agree that oak is probably the best, and fir would come in a close second, but I can also tell you that in my part of the country there have been umpteen jillion hayracks built using common ordinary pine and those racks served the purpose just fine.



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i r baboon

01-15-2004 13:33:16




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
sir, in aircraft spars, etc, sitka spruce is specified, & fir may be substituted, as it is close in strenght to spruce. be blessed, nik



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big fred

01-15-2004 12:48:24




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
By increasing the height of the beam, you are increasing the moment of inertia. The strength of the beam is directly proportional to the moment of inertia and to the yield stress. Since you are increasing the moment of inertia by a factor of 4 by going from 2x4 up to 2x6, you will end up with a stronger beam unless you decrease the yield strength by a factor of 4 by using a different material. Most any wood you choose (except maybe cork) should be more than adequate.

Tell ya what'd look sharp is redwood.

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Allan

01-15-2004 09:53:50




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 Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Josh, 01-15-2004 09:47:17  
Josh,

Boy, I dunno. That fir is some pretty tough stuff; I sure wouldn't be afraid of using it.

Allan



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David in MD

01-15-2004 10:35:08




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 Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Allan, 01-15-2004 09:53:50  
Here's the relative bending strenghts for 5" x 5" posts of various species from the NRAES Post-Frame Building Handbook. I would assume it would be similar for 2x4 or 2x6 lumber.

Southern Yellow Pine (850 PSI) 1.0
Red Oak 0.68
White Oak 0.71
Hem-Fir 0.68
Spruce - Pine - Fir 0.59

Oak is more rigid but doesn't have the bending strength of southern yellow pine. After learning about this most of my construction is with treated southern yellow pine. It resist rot, is stronger, and is more readily available in my area.

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Dan

01-15-2004 12:30:46




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 Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to David in MD, 01-15-2004 10:35:08  
Fir resists rot too.



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Allan

01-15-2004 11:50:43




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 Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to David in MD, 01-15-2004 10:35:08  
David,

That's a different slant, to my way of thinking.

I.E. Compare all the 100 year old barns sprinkled around the country side.

Those with the bowing roofline and are falling down were most likely built with the softer pine; and yes, they are "bending".

Those that are still standing straight & strong were built using the tougher, harder fir.

Bending is the last quality I would want for construction if I was building something to last for a long, long time; although I know it is the most popular. But still, pine is the softest wood going.

Also, you failed to mention, it is by far the cheapest.

Allan

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David in MD

01-15-2004 14:13:08




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to Allan, 01-15-2004 11:50:43  
With enough applied force the alternative to bending is breaking. Other than redwood, cedar, or locust I don't think any modern lumber will last out in the weather unless it is treated. You just can't get the dense old growth lumber that 100+ year old barns are built out of today. If the wagon will be left outside for any amount of time I would definitely use treated lumber. I also specifically mentioned southern yellow pine which is much stronger than other pine species.

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cannonball

01-16-2004 05:59:22




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fir in reply to David in MD, 01-15-2004 14:13:08  
ever try post oak.....have nice day may god bless



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Shane

01-16-2004 08:54:07




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 Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: wood strength of oak or fi in reply to cannonball, 01-16-2004 05:59:22  
Post Oak is absolutely inpervious to water which means it won't rot. You can put it in the ground and not treat it. Hence the name Post Oak. Unfortunately it isn't common around here.



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