bad diode, or rectifier it acts like a one way switch or valve that keeps voltage from draining backwards
 
NO need to get "high tech", disconnect the alternator and note if the battery "stays up".
 
Disconnect the ground clamp. Place a test light between cable end and battery post. If there is a drain,the light will come on. Easier still,Disconnect the battery at night.If you see a spark when you touch the cable end to battery post,you have a draw.Unhook alternator,if spark goes away,or light goes out,you've found the problem.
 
Instead using a test light between negative post and ground cable, use an ammeter.
Start out on the highest scale and work down to the milla amp range. There should be zero amp draw. I bought a new 3 wire alternator and one of the wires was drawing 2 ma. So I ran that wire through ignition switch.
 
NO meter needed, disconnect alternator and connect an unpowered 12 Volt test light with a low wattage bulb between the disconnected wire and the alternator output terminal.

The light should at least GLOW if there's a battery current drain to ground through the alternator.

If an internally-regulated alternator (Delco 10SI, for example), you need to check for draw through the"voltage sense" terminal, and also verify that the voltage/current to the "excite" terminal gets shut off when the ignition switch is switched "off".
 
All these glowing lights and meters will only show zero with no other parasitic voltage drain, computers, electronic radios, clocks, etc.
 
Go out at night take the + cable off and then tap it slightly (in the dark) against the + post on the battery if you get a little spark you have a draw on the battery.
 

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