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B-450 Diesel Terrible smoking and raw diesel out of exha...

F

Frazier2cyl

Member
Finally got this B-450 tractor started. It has the direct start BD264 engine. So far I have done a complete valve job, surfaced head, new rings, end gap in cylinder is .010 cold. Used pistons with no ring groove wear, and new rod bearings. Injector pump cleaned all pumps, valves everything. ( uses inline style cav pump) Pumps well. Injectors dissasembled cleaned and pressure set at 1650 psi (also tried at 1500 1750 1950) this pressure has least amount of smoke. Cranks off of glow plugs easy but SMOKES SEVERLY-WHITE SMOKE and has raw diesel coming out exhaust. Does not miss but does not hit hard either(slight difference in each cylinder when I crack the injector lines) NO BLOWBY from breather. Running out of ideas here any help
 
I know nothing specific about that engine, but will say it sounds like low comp ratio. This is usually caused when repairing by reseating the valves into head too far. Most diesels you cannot reseat even one time without running into low comp ratio. Problem is, I have no idea what their protrusion or recession should be . Also, many times a thicker head gasket than original seems to find it"s way into production. If it works good under a load, I am sure that is your problem. I did notice you said .010 end gap, that is pretty tight as that has to be at least a 3.5 inch bore or most likely larger. Late timing is about only other thing and or very low volitility of the fuel.
 
I hope you are not right. It did not take much to clean up the valves or seats. And it"s starts so easy most diesels with low compression are hard to start or you have to use starting fluid. It"s starts right up. Also most low compression diesels get better when warm as everything swells. This thing is as bad at 40 degrees as it is at 180 I bumped the timing up a little earlier. It might have helped a little but made the engine noisy in the top so I slowed it back down. I pulled the exhaust manifold off and #1 and #4 are soaked with diesel. I am taking the injectors back in the shop tomorrow and put them back on the tester. I can"t help but think that"s where my problem is. Maybe the pattern is visibly bad now. And on the ring gap. It is a 4" bore. Agreed .010 is tight but makes me feel better about there not being any compression loss there. Tight clearance was intentional I plan on putting a turbo on it later if I can get the smoking fixed.
 
Yes, if it starts easy it kind of throws the compression stuff out the window. Like I said, I don't know what diesel system that tractor uses. You mentioned glow plugs, so that makes me think it must be pre-cup or possibly energy cell. Don't know though. Inline pumps don't normally use an automatic advance so leaves that out. I have heard of some of the direct injectin engines, german, that you could l80 degree the injection nozzles when you install them and they don't run well then. They have multi spray holes and I don't know what you have. Not much help I guess. Just another question on the end gap. Was that at the top of ring travel or down in lowest point. I have been hearing of problems with some new ring sets not having enough gap and engine siezing when put to work. I have actually run into one set of rings that had basically zero end gap on just one ring though. Some rings put in up side down will scrape the oil up into comb chamber.
 
It does use the pre-chamber/cup style. Kinda a strange design the nozzle is part of the lower chamber which bolts into the head. Then the upper part of the injector with the ajustment screw and such bolts to the cup. You have to have the upper part and the cup all together to pressure test the injector then put it all back into the head as an assembly. Kinda resembles the large injectors on a IH 460-560. Ring gap was checked about two inches from the top of the bore. Used perfect circle rings With the top chrome, two steel compression and the expander type oil. All compression were .010 to .012 . Rings are in correct with bevel the right way. After I check the injectors one last time I'm going to make some kind if adapter for the glow plug port to check compression. I believe diesel has to have psi of 300-325 just to burn. Injectors are english CAV and so is inj pump. This is a fairly rare tractor in the US but wondering if its worth the headache.
 
I am concerned with that tight of ring end gap,especially,if you are going to turbo the engine.With a 4" bore,I would want to see .025 ring end gap to prevent seizing it up when you start making it work.
 
I will only pull this tractor. Not going to be working it. I'm really more interested in fixing the smoking problem and I don't see how the tight ring gap would effect the slobbering?
 
Correct injection pressure for these injectors is 110 Atmospheres (110 x 14.5 = 1595psi)

If injectors are serviced to specifications as laid down in the service manual there should not be excess diesel in bore

Also is it possible fuel pump is over fuelling ?? specifications for injection flow rates are specified in the appropriate service manual !!
 
Where did you find the pressure settings? I have looked for quite sometime for a book on the engine/fuel system and cannot find anything.
 
Yes tried yesterday. Pump timing was retarded as far as the adjustment would let it. I advanced it all the way just to see what happens. Smoke is just as bad but engine made more knocking sound in the top so I slowed it back down to about the middle
 
I have the details in the genuine IH service manual for this equipment.this is a specific manual on the fuel injection system. The engine service manual is a separate
Publication

I sell these as a download or on a CD rom.
 
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