An indirect diesel engine is one that has a combustion camber somewhat separate from the piston and cylinder. The cylinder head and the piston are normally flat or nearly so and the combustion chamber it above the piston with only a small hole leading between the cylinder and this chamber. As the piston comes up on the compression stroke the air is forced into this combustion chamber where the fuel is injected. The burned gases then travel out the passageway to the top of the piston. These engines generally need glow plugs to help warm the chamber or a separate starting motor to crank the engine long enough to warm the combustion area. This type of engine tends to be noisier and a bit more fuel efficient that a direct injection engine.

A direct injection engine will usually have the combustion chamber built into the top of the piston where the fuel is injected directly on top of the piston. The compressed air will be hotter since it doesn't have to travel through a cool passage to get to the combustion chamber. That makes them much easier to start without assistance of an outside heat source.
 
I thought indirect injection engines were supposed to be slightly less efficient since more heat is dissipated to the head?
 

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